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五胡十六国(304-589) 南北朝(420年—589年)

五胡十六国(304-589)

西晋在曹魏统一北方,进而晋武帝灭孙吴统一中国之后,本可以继续秦汉统一之格局,但是司马王朝走的是门阀政体之局.这样一来,社会个阶级的矛盾和对立,动摇了晋王室的基础.晋惠帝末年的八王之乱,和其它的外患导致中原沦陷,边垂不保,群雄混战,生灵涂炭.司马王室南迁。尔北方的黄河流域则成为各少数民族的逐鹿之地,直至东晋灭亡,中原从未被东晋所收复,国家未为统一,此时期为"五胡十六国"。

「五胡十六国」是指自西晋末年到北魏统一北方期间,曾在中国北部境内建立政权的五个北方民族及其所建立的政权。五胡指匈奴、鲜卑、羯、氐、羌。十六国指前凉、后凉、南凉、西凉、北凉、前赵、后赵、前秦、后秦、西秦、前燕、后燕、南燕、北燕、夏、成汉。

南北朝(420年—589年)

中国历史上的一段分裂时期,由420年刘裕篡东晋建立南朝宋开始,至589年隋灭南朝陈为止。该时期上承东晋、五胡十六国,下接隋朝,南北两势虽然各有朝代更迭,但长期维持对峙,所以称为南北朝。南朝(420年—589年)包含宋、齐、梁、陈等四朝[3];北朝(439年—589年)则包含北魏、东魏、西魏、北齐和北周等五朝。

除了几个超级流氓混混,生在这个时代的的人是很不好过的,大概死法有死在战场上,当俘虏被砍头,被官军乱砍,被做成肉干军粮。个别有名有姓的,大概也逃不过被诛三族之类的命运。但是这段血腥的杀戮时代也促进了胡汉文明的交融,为继而的隋唐盛世作好的充分准备。

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